Tekinoroji yakashandura hupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva mune akati wandei, uye kunzwisisa pfungwa dzinoigadzira kwakakosha kujairana nenyika ino yedhijitari. Matemu maviri akakosha mukati meiyi nzvimbo hardware uye software, zvinhu zvinokosha zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti mudziyo ushande nemazvo.
Pakutanga kuona zvingaita semusoro wehunyanzvi kana wakaoma kune avo vasingazive mazwi aya, asi muchokwadi kunzwisisa main hardware uye software maficha kwete chete inobatsira asiwo inofadza. Isu tinokubatsira iwe kuwana zvese zvezvinhu izvi zvakakosha zvechero mudziyo.
Chii chinonzi hardware?
El Hardware zvinoreva zvose zvikamu zvemuviri chemudziyo wemagetsi. Kana iwe uchikwanisa kuibata, ona chimiro chayo, kana kuishandisa zvakananga, ndeye Hardware. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvese kubva kunhengo dzemukati senge bhodhi reamai, processor uye RAM, kune zvishandiso zvepamhepo zvakaita sekiyibhodhi, mbeva, maprinta uye monitors.
Zvimwe zvinozivikanwa zve Hardware ndezvayo tangibility uye ganhuriro yake yomuviri. Kunyangwe zvakakosha pakushanda kwehurongwa, zvinoenderana nesoftware kuita mirairo uye kuita mabasa. Uyezve, yake kugadzirisa Zvakakosha kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hunobatsira uye kudzivisa matambudziko akadai sekukuvara kwedunhu kana kupisa.
Main hardware zvikamu
- Mamaboardboard: Iyo inozivikanwawo sebhodhi reamai, inobatanidza uye inogadzirisa zvese zvemukati zvemudziyo.
- Processor (CPU): Ndihwo huropi hwekombuta, hunoita basa rekugadzirisa mirairo uye kuita masvomhu.
- RAM ndangariro: Inochengeta ruzivo kwenguva pfupi kuti igadziriswe nekukurumidza.
- Zvishandiso zvekuchengeta: Kufanana nema hard drive, microSD kana SSD dhiraivha, uko data inochengetwa zvachose.
- Peripherals: Kiyibhodhi, mbeva, tarisisa uye zvimwe zvekunze zvinhu zvinobvumira kupindirana nemudziyo.
Chii chinonzi Software?
El Software, zvisinei, chikamu zvisingaoneki yechero mudziyo wemagetsi. Ndiwo mapurogiramu, maapplication uye masisitimu anoshanda ane mirairo inodiwa kuti Hardware iite chaiwo zviito. Mune mamwe mazwi, software inoudza Hardware zvekuita uye sei.
Imwe yezvakanakira software ndeye yayo zvinoshanda. Kusiyana nehardware, inogona kuvandudzwa, kuvandudzwa kana kugadziridzwa pasina kudiwa kwekuchinja kwemuviri. Zvisinei, inotarisana nezvinetso zvakadai se zvikanganiso, mavhairasi uye malware, saka kuichengeta yakagadziridzwa uye yakachengetedzwa kwakakosha.
software mhando
- Masisitimu anoshanda: Ndiwo hwaro hunobvumira mamwe maapplication kushanda, senge Windows, macOS, Linux, Android kana iOS.
- App software: Yakagadzirirwa kuita mamwe mabasa, akadai semazwi processors, web browser, kana mifananidzo edhita.
- System Software: Inodzora uye inoronga iyo Hardware uye yakakosha software zviwanikwa zvemudziyo.
- Embedded software: Zvirongwa zvinotonga zvakati midziyo zvakaita semamicrowave, terevhizheni, kana masisitimu emotokari.
Misiyano Yakakura Pakati peHardware neSoftware
Musiyano uripo pakati pehardware nesoftware wakajeka kana iwe uchifunga nezve yavo Zvimwe zvinhu. Pano tinotsanangura maitiro makuru ekusiyanisa:
| Hardware | Software | |
|---|---|---|
| Tsanangudzo | Chikamu chemuviri chechigadzirwa, chinosanganisira zvinobatika zvikamu. | Seti yezvirongwa nemirayiridzo inodiwa kuita mabasa. |
| Tangibility | Zvinobatika, zvinogona kubatwa uye kushandiswa. | Zvisingabatike, hazvigone kubatwa. |
| Kuvimba | Zvinoenderana nesoftware kushanda. | Inoda Hardware kuti ishande. |
| Mienzaniso | Kiyibhodhi, skrini, mamaboard. | Operating system, editing zvirongwa, web browser. |
| Kugadziriswa | Inoda kucheneswa kwemuviri nekutsiviwa kwechikamu. | Inoda zvigadziriso uye kudzivirira hutachiona. |
Hukama pakati peHardware neSoftware
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti hardware uye software vanoshanda pamwe chete. Uyewo haigone kushanda yega, sezvo hardware inopa chimiro chemuviri kuita mirairo uye software inosarudza mashandisirwo ayo masimba achashandiswa.
Un Muenzaniso wakajeka wehukama uhwu kudhindwa kwegwaro.. Izwi rekugadzirisa software rinobvumira mushandisi kugadzirisa zvirimo, nepo printer hardware ine basa rekuiisa pabepa. Zvinhu zviviri izvi zvakakosha kuti upedze chiito ichi.
Kunzwisisa kuti zvinhu zviviri izvi zvinopindirana sei kwakakosha pakuita kuti pave nekuita kwakakwana kwechero mudziyo uye matambudziko ekugadzirisa anogona kumuka munzira. Kudyidzana pakati pehardware nesoftware kwakakosha munyika yetekinoroji. Nepo hardware inoshanda semusana wenyama, software inotungamira uye inowedzera kugona kwayo., kugadzira hurongwa hwakaenzana uye hunoshanda.